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        <titl xml:lang="en">OUTLAW &#x2013; [In progress] Complete dataset of all moral reports of 122.225 convicted prisoners held in the Belgian prison system, 1850-1924</titl>
        <IDNo agency="DOI">doi:10.34934/DVN/PTTRNQ</IDNo>
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        <distrbtr source="archive">Social Sciences and Digital Humanities Archive &#x2013; SODHA</distrbtr>
        <distDate>2026-05-21</distDate>
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      <biblCit>Vandenberghe, An, 2026, "OUTLAW &#x2013; [In progress] Complete dataset of all moral reports of 122.225 convicted prisoners held in the Belgian prison system, 1850-1924", https://doi.org/10.34934/DVN/PTTRNQ, Social Sciences and Digital Humanities Archive &#x2013; SODHA, V1</biblCit>
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    <citation>
      <titlStmt>
        <titl xml:lang="en">OUTLAW &#x2013; [In progress] Complete dataset of all moral reports of 122.225 convicted prisoners held in the Belgian prison system, 1850-1924</titl>
        <subTitl>Full access to the data to all 623 registers of moral accounting from 23 Belgian prisons, 1850-1924</subTitl>
        <IDNo agency="DOI">doi:10.34934/DVN/PTTRNQ</IDNo>
      </titlStmt>
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        <AuthEnty affiliation="State Archives of Belgium" xml:lang="en">Vandenberghe, An</AuthEnty>
        <othId role="Project Leader">Drossens, Paul</othId>
        <othId role="Project Manager">Vandenberghe, An</othId>
        <othId role="Editor">Vandenberghe, An</othId>
      </rspStmt>
      <prodStmt>
        <grantNo agency="BELSPO - Federal Science Policy">B2/212/P2/OUTLAW</grantNo>
      </prodStmt>
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        <distrbtr source="archive" xml:lang="en">Social Sciences and Digital Humanities Archive &#x2013; SODHA</distrbtr>
        <distrbtr abbr="ARCH" URI="https://www.arch.be/" xml:lang="en">State Archives of Belgium</distrbtr>
        <contact affiliation="State Archives of Belgium">Vandenberghe, An</contact>
        <depositr>Vandenberghe, An</depositr>
        <depDate>2026-05-18</depDate>
        <distDate date="2026-05-21">2026-05-21</distDate>
      </distStmt>
      <serStmt>
        <serName>OUTLAW &#x2013; Moral Reports on Convicted Prisoners in Belgian Prisons, 1850&#x2013;1925</serName>
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      <subject>
        <keyword xml:lang="en" vocab="none">Arts and Humanities</keyword>
        <keyword xml:lang="en" vocab="none">Law</keyword>
        <keyword xml:lang="en" vocab="none">Social Sciences</keyword>
        <keyword xml:lang="en" vocab="none">Prison</keyword>
        <keyword xml:lang="en" vocab="none">Prison history</keyword>
        <keyword xml:lang="en" vocab="none">Prison population</keyword>
        <keyword xml:lang="en" vocab="none">Criminal justice</keyword>
        <keyword xml:lang="en" vocab="none">Crime</keyword>
        <keyword xml:lang="en" vocab="none">Offences</keyword>
        <keyword xml:lang="en" vocab="none">Punishment</keyword>
        <keyword xml:lang="en" vocab="none">Incarceration</keyword>
        <keyword xml:lang="en" vocab="none">Recidivism</keyword>
        <keyword xml:lang="en" vocab="none">Moral accounting</keyword>
        <keyword xml:lang="en" vocab="none">Pardons</keyword>
        <keyword xml:lang="en" vocab="none">Early release</keyword>
        <topcClas vocab="CESSDA Topic Classification" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/vocabulary/TopicClassification" xml:lang="en">Law, crime and legal systems</topcClas>
        <topcClas vocab="CESSDA Topic Classification" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/vocabulary/TopicClassification" xml:lang="en">Crime and law enforcement</topcClas>
        <topcClas vocab="CESSDA Topic Classification" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/vocabulary/TopicClassification" xml:lang="en">Legislation and legal systems</topcClas>
        <topcClas vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/vocabulary/TopicClassification" xml:lang="en" vocab="none">History</topcClas>
        <topcClas vocab="CESSDA Topic Classification" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/vocabulary/TopicClassification" xml:lang="en">Social stratification and groupings</topcClas>
        <topcClas vocab="CESSDA Topic Classification" vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/vocabulary/TopicClassification" xml:lang="en">Equality, inequality and social exclusion</topcClas>
        <topcClas vocabURI="https://vocabularies.cessda.eu/vocabulary/TopicClassification" xml:lang="en" vocab="none">Demography</topcClas>
      </subject>
      <abstract date="2026-05-18" xml:lang="en">&lt;strong&gt;The dataset currently includes 40,677 prisoners from eight prisons: Arlon, Antwerp, Bruges, Dendermonde, Mechelen, Nivelles, Oudenaarde and Turnhout. More prisons will be added in the coming weeks.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
When complete, this dataset will cover 122,225 prisoners from 23 Belgian prisons (1850&#x2013;1924). It is based on the 623 surviving registers in which prison staff recorded observations about each detainee's behaviour, character, family background and social circumstances.&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
The data for each prison is also available as a separate dataset.</abstract>
      <abstract date="2026-05-12" xml:lang="en">&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Deze dataset bevat momenteel gegevens over 40.677 gevangenen uit acht gevangenissen: Aarlen, Antwerpen, Brugge, Dendermonde, Mechelen, Nijvel, Oudenaarde en Turnhout. De komende weken worden nieuwe gevangenissen toegevoegd.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Wanneer volledig, zal deze dataset gegevens bevatten over 122.225 gevangenen uit 23 Belgische gevangenissen (1850&#x2013;1924). De dataset is gebaseerd op de 623 bewaarde registers van de morele boekhouding waarin gevangenispersoneel observaties noteerde over het gedrag, het karakter, de familieachtergrond en de sociale omstandigheden van elke gedetineerde.&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
De gegevens van elke gevangenis zijn ook afzonderlijk beschikbaar als aparte dataset.</abstract>
      <abstract date="2026-05-12" xml:lang="en">&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cet ensemble de donn&#xE9;es comprend actuellement les donn&#xE9;es de 40 677 prisonniers provenant de huit prisons : Arlon, Anvers, Bruges, Termonde, Malines, Nivelles, Audenarde et Turnhout. De nouvelles prisons seront ajout&#xE9;es dans les prochaines semaines.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Une fois complet, ce jeu de donn&#xE9;es couvrira 122 225 prisonniers issus de 23 prisons belges (1850&#x2013;1924). Il est bas&#xE9; sur les 623 registres de comptabilit&#xE9; morale conserv&#xE9;s, dans lesquels le personnel p&#xE9;nitentiaire consignait ses observations sur le comportement, le caract&#xE8;re, la situation familiale et le milieu social de chaque d&#xE9;tenu.&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Les donn&#xE9;es de chaque prison sont &#xE9;galement disponibles sous forme de jeu de donn&#xE9;es distinct.Sonnet 4.6</abstract>
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        <timePrd cycle="P1" event="end" date="1924">1924</timePrd>
        <collDate cycle="P1" event="start" date="2022">2022</collDate>
        <collDate cycle="P1" event="end" date="2026">2026</collDate>
        <dataKind>Archives</dataKind>
        <dataKind>Administrative records</dataKind>
        <dataKind>Prison registers</dataKind>
        <dataKind>Moral registers</dataKind>
        <anlyUnit xml:lang="en">Individuals</anlyUnit>
        <universe>Convicted prisoners</universe>
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        <dataCollector>State Archives in Ghent (State Archives of Belgium)</dataCollector>
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        <collMode xml:lang="en">Citizen science</collMode>
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      <notes type="DVN:TOU" level="dv">&lt;a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"&gt;&lt;img alt="Creative Commons License" style="border-width:0" src="https://i.creativecommons.org/l/by/4.0/88x31.png" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This work is licensed under a &lt;a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"&gt;Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License&lt;/a&gt; (CC-BY).</notes>
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          <biblCit>Dataset of moral reports of 2.776 convicted prisoners held at the prison of Arlon, Belgium (1870-1924)", https://doi.org/10.34934/DVN/BEJMD4, Social Sciences and Digital Humanities Archive &#x2013; SODHA, 2026.</biblCit>
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          <biblCit>"OUTLAW - Prison of Dendermonde - Dataset of moral reports of 5.395 convicted prisoners held at the prison of Dendermonde, Belgium (1870-1924)", https://doi.org/10.34934/DVN/PDPQHA, Social Sciences and Digital Humanities Archive &#x2013; SODHA, 2026.</biblCit>
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          <biblCit>"OUTLAW - Prison of Nivelles - Dataset of moral reports of 2.998 convicted prisoners held at the prison of Nivelles, Belgium (1871-1924)", https://doi.org/10.34934/DVN/RB1GT5, Social Sciences and Digital Humanities Archive &#x2013; SODHA, 2026.</biblCit>
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          <biblCit>"OUTLAW - Prison of Oudenaarde - Dataset of moral reports of 262 convicted prisoners held at the prison of Oudenaarde, Belgium (1919-1924)", https://doi.org/10.34934/DVN/Z6N0W7, Social Sciences and Digital Humanities Archive &#x2013; SODHA, 2026.</biblCit>
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          <biblCit>"OUTLAW - Prison of Turnhout - Dataset of moral reports of 3.770 convicted prisoners held at the prison of Turnhout, Belgium (1872-1924)", https://doi.org/10.34934/DVN/YPLS1R, Social Sciences and Digital Humanities Archive &#x2013; SODHA, 2026.</biblCit>
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